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3i Group

3i Group 英国3i集团

3i Group PLC (LSE: III) is a leading private equity firm. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

History
The company was formed in 1945, as the Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation (ICFC), by the Bank of England and the major British banks to provide long term investment funding for small and medium-sized enterprises. Its foundation was inspired by the government, and resulted from the recognition in the 1930s, given new impetus in the postwar era, that smaller businesses faced a gap in available corporate finance: the banks were unwilling to provide long-term capital and the companies were too small to raise capital from the public markets.

During the 1950s and 1960s, particularly after 1959 when the shareholder banks allowed it to raise external funds, ICFC expanded to become the largest provider of venture capital for unquoted companies in the United Kingdom. In 1973 ICFC acquired Finance Corporation for Industry, a sister company also formed in 1945 which focused on finance for large companies, and was renamed Finance for Industry (FFI). In the 1980s FFI became a leading provider of finance for management buyouts, and expanded internationally. In 1983 the company was renamed Investors in Industry, commonly known as 3i.

3i Group was created in 1987 when the banks sold off their stakes to form a public limited company. In 1994 the company was floated on the London Stock Exchange with a market capitalization of £1.5 billion.[1] Until that time the company had only managed its own portfolio of investments, but in 1994 the company began managing funds for external investors. Since that time the company has continued its international expansion, making a number of acquisitions in Europe and more recently starting operations in Asia.

Operations
The company undertakes buyouts, growth capital investments, infrastructure investments and quoted private equity. Sectors invested in are Business services, Consumer, Financial services, General industrial, Healthcare, TMT and Oil, gas & power.

Notable current investments
Current investments include:

Agent Provocateur: in November 2007 3i acquired the lingerie business.[2]
Fairline Boats
Foster and Partners: 3i acquired a minority (growth capital) stake in the architecture practice in May 2007.[3]
NCP: this investment was acquired in July 2005 from from Cinven. 3i has since entered into a partial sale of that business.[4]
Scandlines: on June 19 2007, Deutsche Bahn AG and the Danish transport ministry announced the sale of Scandlines for 1,560 million Euros to a consortium consisting of 3i, Allianz Capital Partners and Deutsche Seereederei (DSR) Rostock. DSR will hold 20%, 3i and Allianz both 40%.[5]

3i集团简介
　　3i投资是伦敦证交所上市公司，是欧洲最大的私募投资公司之一，有着60年的投资历史，管理的资产达到140亿美金，每年的投资数额约为20亿美金，其中 50%左右用于管理层收购，从集团企业或私人企业那里买股权；35%为增长型投资，为成长期的公司提供资金帮助；另外15%是风险投资。

　　3i集团跨越亚洲、欧洲和北美三大洲，于不同文化背景及各类行业拥有无可匹敌的人际网络。

　　自2003年起，3i的投资范围开始向亚洲扩展，目前，3i已在中国投资了10家企业，其中包括中国第一增长基金鼎晖投资，鼎晖投资脱胎于中国国际金融有限公司，其回报业绩为业内人士称赞，3i以4500万美元成为其主力投资者；消防报警器生产公司海湾消防(已于2005年6月在香港上市)；中国卓越的数码户外媒体公司分众传媒(已于去年7月在美国纳斯达克上市)；中国领先的6英寸晶圆代工服务商之一中芯国际(2004年7月于香港上市)；半导体服务公司上海鼎芯、东莞的锂电池生产商新能源科技(已通过出售给一家日本公司而推出)等。

　　3i集团把亚洲发展战略的重点放在中国这是因为：

　　一、中国经济增长的非常快；

　　二是中国市场规模对3i有很大的吸引力；

　　三是中国经济对于全球经济的影响。对于在中国的投资3i抱有耐心，愿意在未来花我们应该花的时间。

　　另一原因是3i相信可以把在欧洲的投资经验，网络关系引进到中国，这种知识，网络关系在中国目前还不是很具备。

　　除了对中国宏观经济的看好，对于企业的选择，3i一直非常谨慎，3i在寻找行业的领头羊，在快速增长的行业，同时要求管理层有丰富的经验与很好的业绩。因为3i会创造的高质量增值服务。3i投资的企业首先要有一个质量高的管理团队，高素质的管理人员能让企业真正发挥所长从而踏上成功之路。其次，要看企业的行业前景，3i目前在在中国关注的领域有，消费、零售、餐饮、医疗保健、能源、房地产、先进的制造业等都是关注的重点。选择了有发展前途的企业后，3i会花大量时间去挖掘公司在商业运作中的成长点，与公司的上下游企业进行接触，从而有更多的了解。