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Zinc is a metallic chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is a first-row transition metal in group 12 of the periodic table. Zinc is chemically similar to magnesium because its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in the Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most exploited zinc ore is sphalerite, or zinc sulfide; the largest exploitable deposits are found in Australia, Canada and the United States. Zinc production includes froth flotation of the ore, roasting and final extraction using electricity.

1 Physical Characteristic
Zinc, also referred to in nonscientific contexts as spelter, is a bluish-white, lustrous, diamagnetic metal, though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. It is somewhat less dense than iron and has a hexagonal crystal structure.

The metal is hard and brittle at most temperatures but becomes malleable between 100 and 150 °C. Above 210 °C, the metal becomes brittle again and can be pulverized by beating. Zinc is a fair conductor of electricity. For a metal, zinc has relatively low melting (420 °C) and boiling points (900 °C). Its melting point is the lowest of all the transition metals aside from mercury and cadmium.

Many alloys contain zinc, including brass, an alloy of zinc and copper. Other metals long known to form binary alloys with zinc are aluminium, antimony, bismuth, gold, iron, lead, mercury, silver, tin, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, tellurium and sodium.

2 Applications
a) Anti-corrosion and batteries
The metal is most commonly used as an anti-corrosion agent. Galvanization, which is the coating of iron or steel as protection against corrosion, is the most familiar form of using zinc in this way. In 2006 in the United States, 56% or 773,000 tonnes of the zinc metal was used for galvanization, while worldwide 47% was used for this purpose.

With an electrochemical potential of −0.7618 volts, zinc makes a good material for the negative terminus or anode in batteries. Powdered zinc is used in this way in alkaline batteries and sheets of zinc metal form the cases for and act as anodes in zinc-carbon batteries
Alloys

A widely used alloy of zinc is brass, in which copper is alloyed with anywhere from 3% to 45% zinc, depending upon the type of brass. Brass is generally more ductile and stronger than copper and has superior corrosion resistance. These properties make it useful in communication equipment, hardware, musical instruments, and water valves.

b) Other industrial uses
Zinc oxide is used as a white pigment in paints.
Roughly one quarter of all zinc output, in the United States (2006), is consumed in the form of zinc compounds;a variety of which are used industrially. Zinc oxide is widely used as a white pigment in paints, and as a catalyst in the manufacture of rubber. It is also used as a heat disperser for the rubber and acts to protect its polymers from ultraviolet radiation (the same UV protection is conferred to plastics containing zinc oxide). The semiconductor properties of zinc oxide make it useful in varistors and photocopying products. The zinc zinc-oxide cycle is a two step thermochemical process based on zinc and zinc oxide for hydrogen production.

c) Medicinal
Zinc is included in most single tablet over-the-counter daily vitamin and mineral supplements. It is believed to possess antioxidant properties, which protect against premature aging of the skin and muscles of the body, although studies differ as to its effectiveness. Zinc also helps speed up the healing process after an injury. Zinc gluconate glycine and zinc acetate are used in throat lozenges or tablets to reduce the duration and the severity of cold symptoms. Reparations include zinc oxide, zinc acetate and zinc gluconate.

锌是一种化学元素，它的化学符号是Zn，它的原子序数是30，是一种浅灰色的过渡金属。

    锌（Zinc）是第四"常见"的金属，仅次于铁、铝及铜，不过地壳含量最丰富的元素前几名分别是氧、硅、铝、铁、钙、钠、钾、镁。外观呈现银白色，在现代工业中对于电池制造上有不可抹灭的地位，为一相当重要的金属。
主要用途

    世界上锌的全部消费中大约有一半用于镀锌，约10％用于黄铜和青铜，不到10％用于锌基合金，约7.5％用于化学制品。通过在熔融金属槽中热浸镀需要保护的材料和制品，锌可用于防蚀。对金属制品，可分批镀锌；对轧制钢带卷，可连续镀锌。近年来，钢带热浸镀锌量有显著增长。电镀锌也有使用，但该法一般用于较薄的镀层和不同的表面光洁度。使用含锌粉的涂料是涂层的另一种方法；对于与水连续接触的物体，如用于船舶、桥梁和近海油气井架的大的钢构件，只须和大的锌块连接，便可得到保护，不过锌块要定期更换。压铸是锌的另一个重要应用领域，它用于汽车、建筑、部分电气设备、家用电器、玩具等的零部件生产。锌也常和铝制成合金，以获得强度高、延展性好的铸件。在制成薄板时（一般是用连铸连轧法生产薄板），锌还常和少量铜和钛制成合金，以获得必需的抗蠕变性能。国际铅锌研究组预测，2004年全球锌消费量会比2003年的985万t增长4.8%，2005年将再增长4.3%，预计2005年中国将占世界锌消费总量的四分之一，它的消费增长的部分原因是镀锌钢用量的增长。相比之下，美国可能只占全球锌需求的十分之一。

    由于锌在常温下表面易生成一层保护膜，所以锌最大的用途是用于镀锌工业。锌能和许多有色金属形成合金，其中锌与铝、铜等组成的合金，广泛用于压铸件。锌与铜、锡、铅组成的黄铜，用于机械制造业。含少量铅镉等元素的锌板可制成锌锰干电池负极、印花锌板、有粉腐蚀照相制板和胶印印刷板等。锌与酸或强碱都能发生反应，放出氢气。锌肥（硫酸锌、氯化锌）有促进植物细胞呼吸、碳水化合物的代谢等作用。锌粉、锌钡白、锌铬黄可作颜料。氧化锌还可用于医药、橡胶、油漆等工业。