Aluminum发表评论(0)编辑词条

1 What is Aluminum?
Aluminum is a silvery white and ductile member of the boron group of chemical elements. It has the symbol Al; its atomic number is 13. It is not soluble in water under normal circumstances.

Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, and the third most abundant element therein, after oxygen and silicon. It makes up about 8% by weight of the Earth's solid surface. Aluminum is too reactive chemically to occur in nature as a free metal. Instead, it is found combined in over 270 different minerals. The chief source of aluminum is bauxite ore.

Aluminum is remarkable for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation and the metal's low density. Structural components made from aluminum and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and very important in other areas of transportation and building. Its reactive nature makes it useful as a catalyst or additive in chemical mixtures, including being used in ammonium nitrate explosives to enhance blast power.

What is general use of aluminum?
• Transportation (automobiles, aircraft, trucks, railway cars, marine vessels, bicycles etc.) as sheet, tube, castings etc
• Packaging (cans, foil, etc.)
• Construction (windows, doors, siding, building wire, etc.)
• Cooking utensils
• Street lighting poles, sailing ship masts, Walking poles etc
• Outer shells of consumer electronics, also cases for equipment eg photographic equipment.
• Electrical transmission lines for power distribution
• MKM steel and Alnico magnets
• Super purity aluminum (SPA, 99.980% to 99.999% Al), used in electronics and CDs.
• Heat sinks for electronic appliances such as transistors and CPUs.
• Substrate material of metal-core copper clad laminates used in high brightness LED lighting.
• Powdered aluminium is used in paint, and in pyrotechnics such as solid rocket fuels and thermite.
• In the blades of prop swords and knives used in stage combat.
• Aluminum is widely used in watch production as it provides durability and resists tarnishing and corrosion.
• Baseball bats

铝是一种化学元素，它的化学符号是Al，它的原子序数是13。
    铝具有特殊的化学、物理特性，是当今工业上常用的金属之一，不仅重量轻，质地坚，而且具有良好的延展性、导电性、导热性、耐热性和耐核辐射性，是国家经济发展的重要基础原材料。
品种分类
    根据铝锭的主成份含量可以分成三类:高级纯铝（铝的含量99.93%-99.999%）、工业高纯铝（铝的含量99.85%-99.90%）、工业纯铝（铝的含量98.0%-99.7%）。
铝的应用
• 铝的合金质量较轻而强度较高，因而在制造飞机、汽车、火箭中被广泛应用。
• 由于铝有良好的导电性和导热性，可用作超高电压的电缆材料。高纯铝具有更优良的性能。
• 铝在高温时的还原性极强，可以用于冶炼高熔点的金属。（这种冶炼金属的方法称为“铝热法”）
• 铝富展性，可製成铝箔，用于包裝。
• 铝是金属，所以可以回收再造，但是回收率不高。
• 铝的抗腐蚀性（特別是氧化，因為其氧化物氧化铝反而增加了铝的抗腐蚀性），外观质感佳，价格适中，是电脑机械的上选材料。
近五十年来，铝已成为世界上最为广泛应用的金属之一。除上所述，在建筑业上，由于铝在空气中的稳定性和阳极处理后的极佳外观而受到很大应用；在航空及国防军工部门也大量使用铝合金材料；在电力输送上则常用高强度钢线补强的铝缆；集装箱运输、日常用品、家用电器、机械设备等都需要大量的铝。