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The krone (sign: kr; code: DKK) is the currency of Denmark, including the autonomous provinces of Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The krone is pegged to the euro via the European Union's exchange rate mechanism. The plural form is "kroner" and one krone is divided into 100 øre, the singular form being the same as the plural. The ISO 4217 code is DKK; the domestic abbreviation is "kr.". Occasionally, the variants DKR or Dkr are seen, but these are not official.

History
Until the late 18th century, the krone was a denomination equal to 8 mark.[1] A new krone was introduced as the currency of Denmark in 1873. It replaced the Danish rigsdaler at a rate of 2 kroner = 1 rigsdaler. The krone was introduced as a result of the Scandinavian Monetary Union, which lasted until World War I. The initial parties to the monetary union were the Scandinavian countries of Sweden and Denmark, with Norway joining two years later. This placed the krone on the gold standard at a rate of 2480 kroner = 1 kilogram fine gold.

The name of the common currency was "krone" in Denmark and Norway (see Norwegian krone), and "krona" in Sweden (both names mean "crown" in English). After the dissolution of the monetary union, Denmark, Norway and Sweden all decided not to change the names of the now separate currencies.

The Scandinavian Monetary Union came to end in 1914 when the gold standard was abandoned. Denmark returned to the gold standard in 1924 but left it permanently in 1931. Between 1940 and 1945, the krone was tied to the German Reichsmark. Following the end of the German occupation, a rate of 24 kroner to the British pound was introduced, reduced to 19.34 (4.8 kroner = 1 US dollar) in August the same year. Within the Bretton Woods System, Denmark devalued its currency with the pound in 1949 to a rate of 6.91 to the dollar. A further devaluation in 1967 resulted in rates of 7.5 kroner = 1 dollar and 18 kroner = 1 pound.

Faroe Islands and Greenland
In the Faroe Islands, Danish coins are used but the islands use distinct banknotes (see Faroese króna). During the British occupation of the islands in World War II, a shortage of small change occurred, which prompted the British to produce copies of Danish 1 øre, 2 øre, 5 øre, 10 øre and 25 øre coins for use on the Faroe Islands, the first three in bronze, the latter two in cupronickel. This issue is identical to pre-war Danish coinage but carries the year 1942 and lacks the tiny heart identifying coins as products of the Royal Danish Mint in Copenhagen. No similar coins were issued this year in Denmark proper, as Denmark shifted to zinc issues this year. Banknotes in circulation in the Faroes were overstamped by the amt administration invalidating the notes outside of the Faroes.

The modern Faroese banknotes were introduced in the 1950s. Despite a common misconception, the Faroese króna is not an independent currency, but a separate set of DKK banknotes with a different design.

In Greenland, the colonial administration issued distinct banknotes between 1803 and 1968, together with coins between 1926 and 1964 (see Greenland rigsdaler and Greenland krone). In 2006, the governments of Denmark and the Greenland home rule authority announced that by 2008, distinct Greenlandic banknotes will be introduced. These will, like in the Faroes, have the status of a cosmetic variation of DKK banknotes. However, as of 2009, they are still not available, but are planned for distribution in 2011.

Due to this status, ordinary Danish banknotes are legal tender in both Greenland and the Faroe Islands, and Danish banks exchange notes issued for use in these regions 1:1 for ordinary Danish notes.

Relationship to the euro
Further information: Denmark and the euro, Opt-outs in the European Union, and Danish European Union opt-outs referendum
Denmark negotiated special "opt-outs" of the Maastricht Treaty that allowed the country to preserve the krone while most other members of the European Union adopted the euro in 1999. A referendum on the currency issue held in 2000 rejected the proposed adoption of the euro. The Liberal-Conservative government of Anders Fogh Rasmussen planned another referendum on the issue in 2004, but these plans were dropped when polls showed decreasing support for the euro.

The krone is pegged to the euro via the ERM II, the European Union's exchange rate mechanism. Before the introduction of the euro, the krone was linked to the German mark, the intention being to keep the krone stable.

Coins

1941 aluminium 2 øre coinThe coins of the krone currency are issued by the Danish National Bank. When the currency was introduced in the 1870s, coins were minted in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 25 øre and 1, 2, 10 and 20 kroner. The 1, 2 and 5 øre were minted in bronze, the 10 and 25 øre, 1 and 2 kroner in silver, and the 10 and 20 kroner in gold. Production of gold coins ceased in 1917, followed by silver coins in 1919. Iron replaced bronze in 1918 and 1919. In 1920, cupro-nickel 10 and 25 øre were introduced, followed, in 1924, by aluminium-bronze ½, 1 and 2 krone coins.

In 1941, zinc 1, 10 and 25 øre and aluminium 2 and 5 øre coins were introduced, with zinc 2 and 5 øre following the next year. The ½ krone denomination was withdrawn due to lack of metal, and the 2 krone coin was not struck during the years of German occupation. Cupro-nickel 10 and 25 øre coins were reintroduced in 1946, followed by aluminium-bronze 2 krone coins the next year. In 1960, the 5 krone coin was introduced and the production of 2 krone coins ceased. 1 and 2 øre coins were withdrawn in 1973, and 10 krone coins were introduced in 1979. 5 and 10 øre coins were withdrawn in 1989 and are no longer legal tender. Between 1989 and 1992, 50 øre, 2 and 20 krone coins were introduced, and in 2008 the 25 øre ceased to be legal tender. Thus the following coins are currently in circulation:

The decision to withdraw the 25 øre coin, which went in effect on 1 October 2008, was made due to high costs of production, and a lack of purchasing power for the coin. It is possible to exchange it at the Danish National Bank until the 1st of October 2011.

Banknotes
Further information: Banknotes of Denmark, 1972 series and Banknotes of Denmark, 1997 series
In 1875, the National Bank introduced denominations of 10, 50, 100 and 500 kroner, with 5 kroner following in 1898. From 1891, a number of private banks issued notes, including the Aalborg Kreditbank, the Aarhus Kreditbank, the Dansk Købmandsbank, the Esbjerg Kreditbank, the Fredrikshavn Kreditbank, the Hjørring Kreditbank, the Odense Kreditbank, the Randers Kreditbank, the Thisted Kreditbank, the Varde Kreditbank and the Vejle Kreditbank. Denominations included 10 and 25 øre, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25 and 50 kroner.

In 1914, 1 krone notes were introduced due to the outbreak of the First World War and were issued until 1921. In 1945, the Allied Command issued notes for 25 øre, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 kroner.

5 krone notes were replaced by coins in 1960. The next new denomination was not introduced until 1972, when production of 1000 krone notes began. In 1979, the 10 krone note was replaced by a coin and 20 krone notes were introduced, although these have since also been replaced by coins (both are, however, still legal tender).

In 1997, a complete new series was issued ranging from 50 to 1000 kroner. During 2002-2005, additional security features were added.

The current designs of the Danish banknotes are going to be replaced between 2009 and 2012. The new theme for the banknotes is Danish bridges. The process of designing the new banknotes was initiated in 2006 by the Danish National Bank.

丹麦克朗简介
　　丹麦克朗是丹麦及其属地格陵兰岛的法定货币，而另一属地法罗群岛则使用另一货币法罗克朗，但其币值与丹麦克朗相同。每克朗分为100分。
　　丹麦的第一批纸币于1736年问世。币值由白银储备作担保。拿破仑战争期间，大量印制钞票导致恶性通货膨胀及白银平价的崩溃。
　　为了恢复货币稳定，第一家国民中央银行作为唯一的发钞机构于1818年成立。银行通过抵押借款在全国筹集资金。19世纪30年代，随着流通纸币的逐渐减少，国民银行成功地恢复了对丹麦货币的信心。
　　1873年，丹麦采用十进制，并与挪威和瑞典一道．推出一种以黄金为基准的新货币单位，名叫“克罗那”或克朗。丹麦、瑞典和挪威的克朗含金量相同。从1875年起，斯堪的纳维亚货币联盟正式成立，直到第一次世界大战为止。三国的硬币和纸币在等价兑换的基础上可以自由流通。
　　1914年，丹麦国民银行获得丹麦国家唯一借款人的资格进一步确立了作为国家中央银行的地位。2009版丹麦克朗
　　两次世界大战间歇期间，丹麦放弃金本位，选择英镑作为挂靠货币，因为英国是丹麦的主要贸易伙伴。丹麦纸币于1931年获得法定流通的资格。
　　1971年布雷顿森林体系垮台后，货币当局于1972年决定，丹麦克朗挂靠欧洲货币蛇形浮动体系。
　　从1979年欧洲货币体系建立起，克朗就加入这个体系。
丹麦克朗币值与换算
　　纸币面额有：50、100、200、500、1000丹麦克朗等；
　　硬币面额有：5、10、25、50欧尔和1、2、5、10、20克朗
　　1RMB=0.7658DKK
　　1USD=5.2398DKK

所属国家介绍
　　国徽：
　　为盾徽。三只头戴王冠的蓝色狮子横置于盾面，九颗红心点缀周围，象征勇敢、忠诚和善良。盾形上端的王冠象征丹麦为一个古老的王国。
　　国旗：
　　红色旗面上绘有一个偏向左侧的白色十字。据丹麦史诗记载，1219年6月15日丹麦国王瓦尔德玛·维克托里斯（也称胜利王）率军作战时，一面带有白色十字的红旗从天而降，丹军转败为胜。此后白色十字的红旗就成为丹麦的国旗。每年6月15日“国旗日”即“瓦尔德玛日”。
　　辅币名称: 欧尔 国家名称
　　国家名称: 丹麦王国
　　国家中文简称: 丹麦
　　国家英文名称: The Kingdom of Denmark
　　所属洲: 欧洲
　　面积: 43080平方千米
　　首都: 哥本哈根
　　首都英文名称: Copenhagen
　　简况及历史
　　位于欧洲北部，波罗的海和北海之间。
　　约公元985年形成统一王国。11世纪20年代征服整个英格兰和挪威。在1397年与瑞典、挪威结成的卡尔马联盟中处统治地位，其后逐渐衰落。1849年建立君主立宪政体。两次大战中均宣布中立。1940年4月至1945年5月被德国占领。1944年冰岛宣布脱离丹麦。