Subprime lending发表评论(0)编辑词条

Subprime lending（或者Subprime loan），中文可译作“次级贷款”。次级贷款是银行或贷款机构提供给那些不具备资格享受Prime rate（优惠利率）贷款的客户的一种贷款。

不具备资格享受优惠利率的人通常或者是信用等级较低，或者是因为其它一些原因。比如在美国，一般都有个人的信用评级，以660分为及格线，大于660分的可以享受优惠利率，而低于660分的则无法享受。

由于次级贷款者的信用等级较低，贷款机构面临的贷款无法收回的风险相对也较大，因此，次级贷款者一般都会被收取更高的利息。然而，次级贷款的利率仍然比其它一些贷款方式的利率如通过信用卡贷款要低，所以次级贷款对需要贷款而信用等级较低的人来说仍算是合理的选择。

不同机构的次级贷款利率是不同的，对贷款者来说，经过对银行或贷款机构进行选择，可以寻找到相对较低的次级贷款利率。

2007年3月，美国的次级抵押贷款（Subprime Mortgage）违约率上升，不少大型的次级贷款机构濒临破产。因忧虑美国房地产市场和美国经济会先后受到次级贷款市场的不利影响，美国和世界其它地区金融市场出现普遍的下跌行情。
In finance, subprime lending (also referred to as near-prime, non-prime, and second-chance lending) means making loans that are in the riskiest category of consumer loans and are typically sold in a separate market from prime loans. The standards for determining risk categories refer to the size of the loan, "traditional" or "nontraditional" structure of the loan, borrower credit rating, ratio of borrower debt to income or assets, ratio of loan to value or collateral, and documentation provided on those loans which do not meet Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac underwriting guidelines for prime mortgages (are "non-conforming"). Although there is no single, standard definition, in the United States subprime loans are usually classified as those where the borrower has a FICO score below 640. Subprime lending encompasses a variety of credit types, including mortgages, auto loans, and credit cards. The term was popularized by the media during the "credit crunch" of 2007.

"Subprime" could also refer to a security for which a return above the "prime" rate is adhered, also known as C-paper. Subprime borrowers show data on their credit reports associated with higher default rates, including limited debt experience, excessive debt, a history of missed payments, failures to pay debts, and recorded bankruptcies. Proponents of subprime lending maintain that the practice extends credit to people who would otherwise not have access to the credit market.[1]